He was a larger-than-life character, and formerly the general secretary of Concacaf, the governing body of North and Central American football.
In 2013 he pleaded guilty to bribery, money laundering and tax evasion.
He was banned from all football activities for life in 2015.
"We are truly saddened by the passing of our client and friend, Chuck Blazer," his lawyers said in a statement.
"His misconduct, for which he accepted full responsibility, should not obscure Chuck's positive impact on international soccer."
The official served on Fifa's executive committee from 1997-2013, during which time he pocketed millions to fund a globe-trotting VIP lifestyle.
A 2013 report by Concacaf's integrity committee said he had received more than $20.6m (£16m) in commissions, fees and rental payments from the organisation between 1996 and 2011.
His personal excesses included two apartments in New York's Trump Tower, one of which was exclusively for his cats.
In his blog Travels with Chuck Blazer and his Friends..., he was pictured enjoying time with football legends like Pele and Bobby Charlton, and other high-profile names like Prince William and Hillary Clinton.
He also introduced readers to his pet parrot, a blue-and-gold macaw named Max Blazer, even uploading a video of the bird dancing on the basket of his mobility scooter in New York's Central Park.
His luck ran out when he tried to conceal his income after failing to file tax returns from 2005 to 2010.
According to one account, Mr Blazer was arrested by the FBI and an Internal Revenue Service official in 2011 as he rode his scooter to a favourite New York restaurant.
"We can take you away in handcuffs now, or you can co-operate," he was reportedly told.
Mr Blazer made his choice, and agreed to become an informant to help the US government expose corruption in football.
His information led to charges against 14 other current or former Fifa officials, and contributed to the downfall of Sepp Blatter, the organisation's president.